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Article analysis:

The article titled "Sustainability awareness and practices in the Zambian construction industry" explores the awareness and practices of sustainability in the construction industry in Zambia. While the topic is important and relevant, there are several potential biases and limitations in the article that need to be considered.

One potential bias is the limited scope of the study. The research only focuses on the construction industry professionals in Zambia, which may not provide a comprehensive understanding of sustainability awareness and practices in the entire country. It would have been beneficial to include a broader range of stakeholders such as government officials, NGOs, and local communities to get a more holistic view.

Another potential bias is the reliance on self-reported data through a questionnaire survey. Self-reporting can be subject to social desirability bias, where participants may provide answers that they believe are socially acceptable rather than reflecting their true beliefs or behaviors. This could potentially lead to an overestimation of sustainability awareness and practices.

The article also lacks a clear theoretical framework or conceptual model to guide the research. Without a theoretical foundation, it is difficult to interpret and contextualize the findings. Additionally, there is no discussion of previous studies or existing literature on sustainability awareness and practices in Zambia or other developing countries. This limits the ability to compare and contrast findings with previous research.

Furthermore, while linear regression analyses were used to analyze the data, there is no detailed explanation of the variables included in the analysis or how they were measured. This lack of transparency makes it difficult for readers to assess the validity and reliability of the results.

The article also presents some unsupported claims without providing evidence or references. For example, it states that increasing knowledge and awareness may not lead to improvements in environmental sustainability practices without providing any empirical evidence or theoretical justification for this claim.

Additionally, there is no exploration of counterarguments or alternative perspectives on sustainable construction practices in Zambia. This one-sided reporting limits critical thinking and analysis.

Moreover, there are no potential risks or challenges associated with implementing sustainable construction practices mentioned in the article. It would have been valuable to discuss barriers and limitations that may hinder the adoption of sustainable practices in the Zambian construction industry.

Overall, while the article addresses an important topic, it has several limitations and biases that need to be considered. The narrow scope of the study, reliance on self-reported data, lack of theoretical framework, unsupported claims, and missing evidence for claims made all contribute to a limited understanding of sustainability awareness and practices in the Zambian construction industry. Further research with a broader scope and more rigorous methodology is needed to provide a comprehensive analysis of sustainability in this context.