1. Urbanization and impermeable structures are major causes of flooding in metropolitan areas.
2. Rational method is used to estimate storm water runoff in the present study.
3. Structural and non-structural measures are used to control storm water, such as storage reservoirs, flood embankments, drainage channels, anti-erosion works, channel improvement works, pipe cleaning work, detention basins and flood forecasting.
The article provides a comprehensive overview of the design of storm water drainage systems in metropolitan areas. The article is well researched and provides detailed information on the various methods used for runoff estimation and design of storm water drainage systems. However, there are some potential biases that should be noted when evaluating the trustworthiness and reliability of this article. For example, the article does not provide any evidence for its claims or explore counterarguments to its conclusions. Additionally, it does not present both sides equally or consider possible risks associated with implementing these designs. Furthermore, there is a lack of detail regarding how these designs will be implemented in practice and what potential impacts they may have on local communities or ecosystems. Finally, there is a lack of discussion about how these designs could be improved upon or adapted for different contexts. In conclusion, while this article provides an informative overview of storm water drainage systems in metropolitan areas, it should be read with caution due to its potential biases and lack of evidence for its claims.