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Article summary:
1. This article proposes a conceptual revision of norms to include social ranking, which is a crucial component of what norms are and how they function.
2. This article argues that new policy measures may emerge at the margins of international society, not just among core states.
3. The diffusion of legal sex quotas serves as an example to illustrate the theoretical points made in this article, showing that it is not always the rich and strong central states that adopt new policies first.
Article analysis:
The article “Norms and Social Hierarchies: Understanding International Policy Diffusion ‘From Below’” by International Organization is generally reliable and trustworthy. It provides a comprehensive overview of existing scholarship on norms in international politics, making clear distinctions between different approaches and theories. The author also presents a well-supported argument for why norms should be understood to include social ranking dynamics, which provides a better understanding of their dynamism. Furthermore, the author uses the example of legal sex quotas to illustrate how new policies may emerge from the margins of international society rather than just from core states.
The article does not present any major biases or one-sided reporting; instead, it fairly presents both sides of the argument and acknowledges different theories and approaches to understanding norms in international politics. Additionally, all claims made are supported with evidence from existing scholarship or empirical examples such as legal sex quotas. There are no missing points of consideration or unexplored counterarguments; instead, the author provides an extensive overview of existing scholarship on norms before presenting their own argument for including social ranking dynamics in understanding them. The article also does not contain any promotional content or partiality; instead, it objectively presents both sides of the argument without favoring one over another. Finally, possible risks associated with adopting legal sex quotas are noted throughout the article, providing readers with a balanced view on this issue.